Discussions

Meiosis is the remarkable two-step cell division process that produces four genetically diverse haploid gametes (sperm or egg cells) from one diploid cell. This halves the chromosome number, so fertilization restores the full diploid set in the next generation.

It consists of Meiosis I and Meiosis II.

Meiosis I is the reduction division:

Prophase I — chromosomes condense, homologous pairs form, and crossing over occurs, exchanging segments between maternal and paternal DNA.
Metaphase I — homologous pairs align randomly at the equator (independent assortment).
Anaphase I — homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles.
Telophase I & cytokinesis — two haploid cells form.
Meiosis II separates sister chromatids (similar to mitosis), yielding four unique haploid cells.

These phases of meiosis create genetic variation through recombination and random chromosome distribution — the foundation of diversity in sexually reproducing species.

For clear diagrams and a step-by-step visual walkthrough, see this excellent resource: phases of meiosis

Which stage surprises you the most?